module+4

**BASED ON CHAPTERS 7 & 8 revised 8/17/11**
 * PAF 101—MODULE 4 GRADE SHEET **

Name here: Societal Category: Group #:

__MAXIMUM__ __YOUR__ __EXERCISE__ __POINTS__ __SCORE__ __COMMENTS__

7.1 9 __7.2 6__  7.3 3  __7.4 16__  7.5 4  __8.1 12__  8.2 20  __8.3 6__  8.4 8  __8.5 16__  8.6 14  __8.7 6__

__Subtotal for Paper__ 120

__Points Deducted:__ __Late Paper__ _ __Writing__ _ __Organization__ _ __Participation__ _ __Community Service__ _

Total Points Deducted

Extra Credit Points: Competition _ Speakers _

__Total Extra Credit Points__ __

= TOTAL GRADE = **MODULE FOUR** 120 __#__

__Fall 2011__

__**PAF 101 EXERCISES - MODULE FOUR**__ __**BASED ON CHAPTERS 7 & 8**__

__Consider the Formatting & Grammar Guidelines, under the Module tab on the course website, to be part of the directions for this and all modules.**__

__Exercise 7.1: Identifying Benefits__ __Your Total Score:_____ (Maximum: 9 points)__

__A. State your societal problem. Briefly describe your proposed policy following the prompts provided below. Note: The policy and even the topic, problem and level (local state or federal) you choose do not have to be the same as you used in Module 3, and you may choose a policy that is different than those you specified in Module 3. (3 points)__ __Part A score:_____


 * **State your societal problem here (make sure to specify the geographic location you are focusing on):**
 * High Oil prices in U.S.
 * **Describe your preferred policy to deal with this societal problem here:**
 * Allow unregulated drilling off shores of the U.S., and lower government taxes on gas and oil, and allow drilling of American gas companies.
 * **Identify the level and primary unit of government responsible for implementing this policy here:**
 * The Legislative and Judicial branch
 * **Identify your primary source of information for you policy and explain how it helped you formulate your policy here:**
 * My own knowledge and from news and newspapers

B. List the three most significant benefits of your policy and assign a rating of significance of 1, 2, or 3 to each item. Each rating can be used more than once. List each item in order from most significant (3) to least significant (1). Justify each rating you have assigned in no more than two sentences. (6 points) Part B Score:_

**Rating (1-3): 3** **Justification of rating:** America is an oil rich country and is dependent on gas and the cheaper gas would lessen the price and keep money in peoples pockets allowing them to spend it else where.
 * **List the most significant benefit here:** Lower gas and oil prices.

**Rating (1-3):** 3 **Justification of rating:** People need jobs to be able to make money and without jobs there will be a greater divide between the rich and the poor.
 * **List the second most significant benefit here:** Create more jobs.

**Rating (1-3): 3** **Justification of rating:** If the government can tax the oil companies then they can benefit from the gain in money, and if they do that then the citizens can have a lower tax.
 * **List the third most significant benefit here:** Tax the oil companies on the amount of oil they produce, so the government can lower the taxes of the U.S. citizens.

Exercise 7.2: Identifying Costs Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 6 points)

List the three most significant costs of your policy and assign a rating of significance of 1, 2, or 3 to each item. Each rating can be used more than once. List each item in order from most significant (3) to least significant (1). Justify each rating you have assigned in no more than two sentences. All financial considerations must be grouped as a single cost. Do not discuss problems with the policy itself, but instead the costs that will arise if it is implemented.

**Rating (1-3):3** **Justification of rating:** With more oil and gas the demand stays the same, but the supply drops immensely.
 * **List the most significant cost here:** The U.S. citizens will be able to purchase gas and oil at a much lower price.

**Rating (1-3): 3** **Justification of rating:** There will be more people making money so more jobs can be made and help out the U.S. economy even further.
 * **List the second most significant cost here:** The American people would be able to find more jobs lowering unemployment, and put more money back into circulation in the United States.

**Rating (1-3):3** **Justification of rating:** The government does not have to spend any money, on the contrary they will be getting more money.
 * **List the third most significant cost here:** The U.S. government can tax the oil companies and make more money off of the oil being produced.

Exercise 7.3: Comparing Benefits and Costs Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 3 points)

Calculate the benefit‑cost ratio as described in the //Maxwell Manual// and show your calculations below. Then, in one sentence, interpret the ratio. No citation or reference is needed for this exercise.


 * **Place the original formula and your calculation of the benefit-cost ratio here:**


 * **Write a one sentence interpretation here:**

Exercise 7.4: Analyzing Your Career Preferences Your Total Score: ___ (Maximum: 16 points)


 * 1) Complete the survey below by placing an “x” next to your preference for a career and then answer the question at the end of the survey.(3 points) Part A Score (3 points)


 * 1) **Salary:** Salary Top 10%___ Between 10% and 50%__ x __Under 50% of income among US workers__ _
 * 2) **Hours:** Part- Time___ Less than 40__ _ No more than 40___ 40-_x_ 60___ Over 60_
 * 3) __**Field Type:** Solely doing good___ Mostly doing good ___ Doing good and making money_x__ Mostly making money ___ Solely making money__ _
 * 4) **Proximity:** Very close to where you live _x __Within 3 hours of where you live__ Across the country ___ Out of the country__ _
 * 5) **Travel for Job:** No travel ___ Travel 1-12 times a year _x__ Travel once a month ___ Travel once a week__ _ Travel more than once a week _
 * 6) __**Economic Risk:** Very risky__ _ Somewhat risky ___ Neither risky nor secure _x__ Somewhat secure ___ Very secure__ _
 * 7) **Working Environment:** Very orderly ___ Orderly__ _ Neither orderly nor chaotic _x __Chaotic___ Very chaotic _
 * 8) __**Region:** Northeast _x__ Mid- Atlantic ___ South__ _ Southwest ___ Mid- west__ _ West _
 * 9) __**Education:** Some high school__ _ High school diploma ___ Some college__ _ College diploma ___ Graduate education _x__
 * 10) **Neighborhood:** Urban ___ Suburban _x__ Rural ___


 * **In no more than four sentences indicate the two most important categories in this survey and why they are important to you here:**
 * Number one is travel I do not want to have to work far away I want to be able to work very close so I could see my family everyday. Second would be education, to get to the top of any career the higher for of employment would be to get the best education possible.


 * 1) Rate the following values on a scale of 1 to 3 in terms of importance for what characteristics your career should have and answer the question that follows the survey. Part C Score (3 points)

**1 – Of Very Little Importance 2 – Somewhat Important 3 – Very Important**


 * 1) __2__ **Helping Society:** Doing something that contributes to improving our world.
 * 2) __2__ **Helping Others:** Being involved in helping other people in a direct way.
 * 3) __3__ **Competition:** Engaging in activities that rival my abilities against others.
 * 4) __3__ **Creativity:** Creating new ideas, programs, or organizational structures.
 * 5) __2__ **Artistic Creativity:** Engaging in creative activities such as painting, writing, or acting.
 * 6)  __3__ **Knowledge:** Engaging in learning and understanding new things.
 * 7) __2__ **Having Power and Authority:** Controlling or influencing the opinions and activities of others.
 * 8)  __2__ **Public Contact:** Having a lot of day- to-day contact with others.
 * 9)  __1__ **Working Alone:** Doing projects alone without much contact with others.
 * 10) __1__ **Religious:** Participating in activities to better relate to the divine, mystical, or spiritual.
 * 11) __2__ **Recognition:** Being recognized for the things I do in a public way.
 * 12) __1__ **Physical Challenge:** Doing activities that will require strength, speed, or agility.
 * 13) __3__ **Excitement:** Doing stimulating or thrilling work.
 * 14) __3__ **Intellectual Status:** Being thought of as an intellectual or an expert.
 * 15) __1__ **Change and Variety:** Having responsibilities that frequently change.
 * 16) __2__ **Stability:** Having structure and routine in my activities.
 * 17) __2__ **Profit-Gain:** Making lots of money.
 * 18) __3__ **Fun:** Finding pleasure in what you do.
 * 19) __2__ **Working With Others:** Working as a team member toward common goals.
 * 20)  __2__ **Adventure:** Participating in risk- taking activities.
 * 21) __2__ **Independence:** Being my own boss.
 * 22) __3__ **Technology:** Working well with machines and tools.


 * **In no more than three sentences indicate which value is most important to you and why here:**
 * The two value that are most important to me would be Competition and Creativity, because I believe that competition brings out the best in people and the creativity aspect gets people to think about the best way to possibly do a task.

** 1- **** Not interested 2- Minimally Interested 3- Not sure 4- Interested 5- Very interested **
 * 1) Rate the following activities using a scale of 1-5 based on your possible interest in the activity, not necessarily your interest in doing the activities as a career. Add the total score for each section and mark it on the line provided (2 points). Part C Score __


 * **1. Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources**

___1__ Research new ways to produce food ___1__ Care for animals __1___ Set up traps to catch crabs, lobster, or shellfish __1___ Manage a farm __1___ Maintain planted areas of trees, flowers, or shrubs ** _ Total ** || **2. Architecture & Construction**

__3___ Design, build, or remodel homes ___2__ Survey roads, property lines, and bridges __4___ Build roads or bridges __4___ Install electrical wiring in a building __2___ Install plumbing and bathroom pipes/fixtures ** _ Total ** || **Communications** __1___ Write stories or plays __1___ Broadcast programs on TV or radio __1___ Design a web page __1___ Play in a band, orchestra, or music group __1___ Operate equipment used in radio and TV ** _ Total ** || **4. Business, Management &** **Administration**
 * **3. Arts, A/V Technology &**

__1___ Type or write reports __1___ Prepare tax records for people or companies __1___ Manage a store __1___ Work with computers __1___ Answer the telephone and greet customers ** _ Total ** || _1 Teach students to read _1 Take care of young children _1 Research test data _1 Teach a Yoga class _1 Coach a team ** _ Total ** || **6. Finance** __1___ Keep track of money __1___ Sell insurance to people __1___ Manage a bank department __1___ Prepare financial records for people or companies __1___ Help people invest their money ** _ Total ** || __1___ Plan a skate park __1___ Direct a social service agency __1___ Participate in fund raisers _1 Make regulations to protect the environment __1___ Develop bills to become laws ** _ Total ** || **8. Health Science** _1 Examine people and give them medical treatment _1 Give first aid to patients in an ambulance __1___ Help an injured person learn to walk again __1___ Process medical records and correspondence _1 Read an X-ray ** _ Total ** || __1___ Escort groups of people on tours __1___ Serve meals and beverages to people __1___ Umpire or referee a sporting event __1___ Plan and conduct activities and trips for tourists __1___ Manage a hotel ** _ Total ** || **10. Human Services** __1___ Counsel people in hospitals, clinics, or schools _1 Help youth, couples, and families resolve conflict __1___ Advise people about their nutritional needs __1___ Hold parenting classes __1___ Plan activities for community centers ** _ Total ** || __2___ Follow blueprints to inspect electronic equipment __2___ Use computer applications to create reports __2___ Repair computers __2___ Design programs for computers ___2__ Write technical directions for engineers ** _ Total ** || # **Law, Public Safety, Corrections & Security** __1___ Protect lives and property from hazards __1___ Uncover details of a crime and arrest suspects __1___ Study legal documents to find information __1___ Guard money or valuables in an armored car __1___ Defend someone in court and advise them about laws ** _ Total ** || __4___ Use small or large power tools to build or repair items __4___ Use precision devices to make parts __4___ Use machines to shape, cut, or mold metal, fabric or wood __4___ Install electrical equipment __5___ Build robots ** _ Total ** || # **Marketing, Sales & Service** __1___ Buy clothing and accessories for a department store __1___ Sell advertising space for a magazine __1___ Provide beauty treatments for hair, faces, or nails __1___ Run your own business over the Internet __1___ Sell houses or land ** _ Total ** || __3___ Conduct experiments in a lab __3___ Use advanced math to solve complex problems __1___ Study causes of animal diseases __3___ Study space and the solar system __4___ Find alternate power sources ** _ Total ** || **16. Transportation, Distribution & Logistics** ___1__ Drive a truck to deliver products ___1__ Pilot a ship or airplane __1___ Drive a bus or taxi __1___ Operate a train __1___ Manage a distribution warehouse ** _ Total ** ||
 * **5. Education & Training**
 * **7. Government & Public Administration**
 * **9. Hospitality & Tourism**
 * # **Information Technology**
 * # **Manufacturing**
 * **15. Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM)**

Part D score:
 * 1) Access **__[|http://online.onetcenter.org].__** On the home page select “Career Clusters” under “Find Occupations.” From there select the career cluster that received the highest score from above. Choose a job that you would one day like to have. State the career cluster you selected. In no more than 250 words, describe and explain two pros and two cons for the job you selected. Be sure to include the education level required for this job position, salary and projected job openings. No citation needed for this exercise. (8 points)


 * **State the career cluster you chose here:**
 * Manufacturing
 * **Explain at least two benefits and costs of the job you selected. Be sure to include the education level required for this position here:**

Exercise 7.5: Analyzing Benefit-Cost Discussion in the News Media Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 4 points)

Using ProQuest Newspapers, or any other print or electronic newspaper source, select a recent editorial (within the past six months), letter to the editor, or op-ed article that discusses an existing or proposed policy on __your__ societal problem but not necessarily your geographical level of your policy. Attach and label the entire article directly behind this exercise.


 * **State the policy using a direct quote from the article here:**


 * **If the author does not use the terms “benefits” and “costs,” discuss what terms are used in place of them here (if the author does use the exact terms “benefits” and “costs” please specify that as well):**


 * **Describe how well the writer evaluates the benefits and costs of the policy here:**

Exercise 8.1: Provide Data for Four Years on A Variable Measuring Your Societal Problem

Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 12 points)

A. Restate your societal problem and policy (including the same geographical location) as you stated in 7.1. (2 points)

Part A score: ___


 * **Restate your societal problem here, including the geographic location you are focusing on:**


 * **Restate the policy here, including the geographic location of the policy:**

B. Select one variable that measures a societal condition that you expect your policy to impact at the same geographic location stated in 7.1. The variable must use or be based on at least one piece of real data from a published print or electronic source. (10 points) > Part B score:_
 * Provide data for four time intervals. The last must be within the past calendar year. Up to three can be estimated. If you are using academic data, use school years (ex. 2001-2002).
 * Data should be set up in a chart as shown in Chapter 8 of the //Maxwell Manual// and using the format below, including all appropriate labels
 * Directly behind this exercise, attach a copy of the data you used for your real data point(s). The copy must come from a published print or electronic source.

**Period** || **Number** **of [Variable]** || **Source or Rationale for Estimation** ||
 * ** [Title of Chart (variable) Goes Here] ** ||
 * **Time**

Exercise 8.2: Calculate Percent Change Using Excel

Your Total Score_ (Maximum: 20 points)

A. Using the formula presented in Chapter 8, calculate the percent change between the first and second year of the data presented in 8.1 of your own module. (3 points)

Part A score:_


 * **Write percent change here:**


 * **Show the original formula and your calculations here:**

B. Using Excel and the instructions provided to you in Chapter 8, calculate the percent change between each of the four years as well as between the first year and the fourth year for the variable you collected. Show all four percent changes in the format shown in Chapter 8. (14 points) Part B score:_


 * **Insert Excel chart here:**

C. Describe the pattern or lack of it over the four years. (3 points) Part C score:_


 * **Describe the pattern here:**

Exercise 8.3: Deciding on the Years to Use for Your Benchmark Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 6 points)

State what three years for which you would set your benchmark. Briefly indicate why you have chosen those years. If your societal problem involves education, you must use academic years.


 * **State what three years you set your benchmark for here:**


 * **Briefly justify why you have chosen these years here:**

Exercise 8.4: Displaying Your Baseline Forecast Total Score: (Maximum: 8 points)

Place a trend line graph below that displays your historical data and your baseline forecast for the three years selected in 8.3, followed by a brief justification of the forecast. The gap between the end of your historical data (as entered in 8.1) and the beginning of your forecasted years must be shown on the graph. Refer to Chapter 8 in the //Maxwell Manual//.


 * **Follow the instructions in 8.4 of the chapter to insert a trend line graph, and insert your graph here:**


 * **Write a clear justification of your forecast by quoting at least two ideas discussed in 8.4 of the chapter here:**

Exercise 8.5: Setting Your Benchmarks Total Score:_ (Maximum: 16 points)

After carefully reading the discussion in Chapter 8, indicate your three benchmarks in the spaces provided below that include the years chosen in 8.3, the benchmark, and the justification. You must use at least two of the five guidelines for setting benchmarks discussed in 8.5 of Chapter 8 in at least two different justifications. No citation or reference is necessary for this exercise.

**Complete the chart below: [Title Fully Describing Variable Including Rate or %]**


 * **Year** || **Benchmark** || **Justification** ||
 * **Year** || **Benchmark** || **Justification** ||
 * **Year** || **Benchmark** || **Justification** ||
 * **Year** || **Benchmark** || **Justification** ||
 * **Year** || **Benchmark** || **Justification** ||

Exercise 8.6: Using Benchmarks to Support your Policy Proposal Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 14 points)

A. Identify a player to whom you would present an oral briefing using the benchmark you developed for Exercise 8.5. List the player’s name and title below. (2 points) Part A score:


 * **List the player’s name here:**


 * **List the player’s title here:**

B. Place a graph that shows the historical pattern, baseline, and benchmark forecasts below: (8 points) Part B score: ___


 * **Follow the instructions in 8.4 and 8.6 from Chapter 8 to insert a trend line graph, and insert your graph here:**

C. In no more than 3 sentences, describe the improvement as specifically as possible that is forecasted for the policy as expressed in the above graph. (4 points) Part C score: ___


 * **Place response here:**

Exercise 8.7: References Your Total Score:_ (Maximum: 6 points)
 * Prepare a list of references that includes all sources for this module.
 * Follow the APA format.
 * Include all sources used in the exercises.


 * **Start References on the next line or on the next page:**